Instalação Manual

Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package manager, individual software package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files are available for Linux™ systems. Generally, these file types are associated with the package managers of specific Linux™ distributions.

To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu™ package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type of package file.

Instalar/Desinstalar arquivos deb

The package files associated with Kubuntu™ have the .deb suffix because of Kubuntu™'s close relationship with the DebianGNU™/Linux™ distribution. Individual .deb files can be downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this.

Para instalar um arquivo .deb, simplesmente clique com o botão esquerdo no arquivo .deb para iniciar o processo de instalação. Uma solicitação da senha associada com o privilégio administrativo necessário irá aparecer.

Converter arquivo .rpm em arquivos .deb

Red Hat™ package manager files have the .rpm suffix. Installing these on a Kubuntu™ system is not recommended. In almost all cases, a native Kubuntu.deb version of the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm file can be converted to a .deb package by using a program called Alien.

Procedure 1. Instalando Alien

  1. Open Muon by going to K menuComputerMuon Software Center.

  2. Digite alien na caixa de Pesquisa perto do topo da janela.

  3. Locate the package named Alien and select it. Press the Installation button near the bottom right of the window.

    Note

    O texto na coluna Requeridos se tornará verde e mudará de Sem alteração para Instalar.

  4. Pacotes adicionais podem ser requeridos como dependências. Se for o caso, uma lista será exibida. Clique no botão OK para marcá-los para instalação.

  5. Pressione o botão Aplicar alterações na barra de ferramentas.

  6. Se solicitada, digite a senha apropriada e pressione OK.

  7. Once the installation has completed, close Muon.

Procedure 2. Usando o alien

  1. Open Konsole by going to K menuApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole).

  2. At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm and press the Enter key to create a .deb file in the same directory.

  3. For more information on Alien, type man alien at the command prompt. When finished, press q to exit.

Instalar do código fonte

Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 suffix are package files known as tarballs or source packages. These are widely used in Linux™. If there is no native Kubuntu™ package available in any of the repositories, it may be possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling software, look at the Compiling Software page in the Ubuntu Wiki.