Servidor de archivos Samba

One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu™ and Windows™ computers is to configure Samba as a file server. This section covers setting up a Samba server to share files with Windows™ clients.

El servidor se configurará para compartir archivos con cualquier cliente en la red sin requerir una contraseña. Si en entorno requiere controles de acceso más estrictos, ver the section called “Asegurar un servidor Samba de archivos e impresión”.

Instalación

The first step is to install the Samba package. From a terminal prompt, enter:

sudo apt-get install samba

That's all there is to it. Samba is ready to be configured for file sharing.

Configuración

The main Samba configuration file is located in /etc/samba/smb.conf. The default configuration file has a significant number of comments in order to document various configuration directives.

Note

Not all of the available options are included in the default configuration file. See the smb.conf man page or the Samba HOWTO and Reference Guide for more details.

  1. Edit the following key/value pairs in the [global] section of /etc/samba/smb.conf:

    workgroup = EXAMPLE
    ...
    security = user
    

    El parámetro security se encuentra más adelante en la sección [global] y, de manera predeterminada, aparece marcado como comentario. Modifique EXAMPLE para que corresponda al entorno actual.

  2. Cree una nueva sección al final del archivo, o descomente uno de los ejemplos para compartir el directorio:

    [share]
    comment = Ubuntu File Server Share
    path = /srv/samba/share
    browsable = yes
    guest ok = yes
    read only = no
    create mask = 0755
    
    • comment: una breve descripción del recurso compartido. Ajuste para que encaje según sea adecuado.

    • path: la ruta al directorio que se va a compartir.

      This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is where site-specific data should be served. Technically, Samba shares can be placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but adhering to standards is recommended.

    • browsable: enables Windows™ clients to browse the shared directory using WindowsExplorer.

    • guest ok: permite que los clientes se puedan conectar al recurso sin necesidad de introducir ninguna contraseña.

    • read only: determines if the share is read only or if write privileges are granted. Write privileges are allowed only when the value is no, as is seen in this example. If the value is yes, then access to the share is read-only.

    • create mask: determina los permisos que tendrán los archivos nuevos cuando se creen.

  3. Now that Samba is configured, the directory needs to be created and the permissions changed. From a terminal, enter:

    sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share
    sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/
    

    Note

    The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment.

  4. Finally, restart the Samba services to enable the new configuration:

    sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
    

Warning

La configuración anterior da acceso a cualquier cliente en la red local. Para una configuración más segura, vea the section called “Asegurar un servidor Samba de archivos e impresión”.

From a Windows™ client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu™ file server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try creating a directory from Windows™.

To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf, and restart Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually exists and that the permissions are correct.

Recursos