Likewise Open

Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration needed to authenticate a Linux™ machine to an Active Directory™ domain. Based on Winbind, the Likewise Open package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu™ authentication into an existing Windows™ network.

Pemasangan

There are two ways to use Likewise Open: likewise-open the command line utility and likewise-open-gui. This section focuses on the command line utility.

To install the likewise-open package, open a terminal and enter:

sudo apt-get install likewise-open

Starting with Kubuntu™ 9.04, likewise-open 5.0 is available in the Universe repository. However, since upgrading from likewise-open 4.1 currently requires the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version 5 was created.

To install likewise-open 5.0, enter:

sudo apt-get install likewise-open5

Warning

Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined afterward.

Menyertai Domain

The main executable file of the likewise-open package is /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, which is used to join a computer to the domain. Before joining a domain, the following are needed:

  • Access to an Active Directory™ user with appropriate rights to join the domain.

  • The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of domainname.local.

  • Properly set up DNS for the domain. In a production AD environment, this is typically the case. Proper MicrosoftDNS is needed so that client workstations can determine that the Active Directory™ domain is available.

    If there is not a WindowsDNS server on the network, see the section called “Microsoft DNS” for details.

Untuk menyertai domain, dari promp terminal masukkan:

sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator

Note

Ganti example.com dengan nama domain yang sesuai, dan Administrator dengan nama pengguna yang sesuai.

Promp kata laluan akan muncul. Jika tiada masalah, mesej SUCCESS akan dipaparkan dalam konsol.

Note

Selepas menyertai domain, maka but semula sebelum cuba sahihkan lagi domain.

After successfully joining a Kubuntu™ machine to an Active Directory™ domain, any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To log in, the user name must be entered as 'domain\username'. For example, to ssh to a server joined to the domain, enter:

ssh 'example\steve'@hostname

Note

Jika mengkonfigur dekstop, nama pengguna perlu diawalkan dengan domain\ dalam logon bergrafik juga.

To make Likewise Open use a default domain, the following statement can be added to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf:

winbind use default domain = yes

Then restart the Likewise Open daemons:

sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart

Note

Bila sudah konfigur domain lalai, 'domain\' tidak lagi diperlukan. Pengguna boleh masukkan nama pengguna sahaja.

The domainjoin-cli utility can also be used to leave the domain. From a terminal:

sudo domainjoin-cli leave

Utiliti Lain

The likewise-open package comes with a few other utilities that may be useful for gathering information about the Active Directory™ environment. These utilities are used to join the machine to the domain, and are the same as those available in the samba-common and Winbind packages:

  • lwinet: Returns information about the network and the domain.

  • lwimsg: Allows interaction with the likewise-winbindd daemon.

  • lwiinfo: Displays information about various parts of the domain.

Sila rujuk setiap halaman panduan utiliti untuk perincian.

Pencarisilapan

  • If the client has trouble joining the domain, check that the MicrosoftDNS is listed first in /etc/resolv.conf. For example:

    nameserver 192.168.0.1
    
  • For more information when joining a domain, use the --loglevel verbose or --advanced option of the domainjoin-cli utility:

    sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator
    
    
  • If an Active Directory™ user has trouble logging in, check the /var/log/auth.log for details.

  • When joining a Kubuntu™ Desktop workstation to a domain, it may be necessary to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf if the AD domain uses the .local syntax. In order to join the domain, the "mdns4" entry should be removed from the hosts option. For example:

    hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
    

    Ubah penyataan di atas kepada:

    hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return]
    

    Kemudian mula semula perangkaian dengan memasukkan:

    sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
    

    It should now be possible to join the Active Directory™ domain.

Microsoft DNS

The following are instructions for installing DNS on an Active Directory™ domain controller running Windows Server™ 2003, but the instructions should be similar for other versions:

  • Click StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server. This will open the Server Role Management utility.

    1. Click Add or remove a role.

    2. Click Next.

    3. Select "DNS Server".

    4. Click Next.

    5. Click Next again to proceed.

    6. Pilih "Create a forward lookup zone" jika ia tidak dipilih.

    7. Click Next.

    8. Make sure "This server maintains the zone" is selected and click Next.

    9. Enter the domain name and click Next.

    10. Click Next to "Allow only secure dynamic updates".

    11. Enter the IP for DNS servers to forward queries to, or Select "No, it should not forward queries" and click Next.

    12. Click Finish

    13. Click Finish

    DNS is now installed and can be further configured using the MicrosoftMicrosoft Management Console DNS snap-in.

  • Next, configure the server to use itself for DNS queries:

    1. Click Start

    2. Panel Kawalan

    3. Sambungan Rangkaian

    4. Klik kanan "Local Area Connection"

    5. Klik Properties

    6. Double click "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)"

    7. Enter the server's IP address as the "Preferred DNS server"

    8. Click Ok

    9. Click Ok again to save the settings

Rujukan

Please refer to the Likewise home page for further information.

For more domainjoin-cli options, see the man page: man domainjoin-cli.