
One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu™ and Windows™ computers is to configure Samba as a file server. This section covers setting up a Samba server to share files with Windows™ clients.
The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter access controls, see the section called “Säkra en Samba fil- och skrivarserver”.
The first step is to install the Samba package. From a terminal prompt, enter:
sudo apt-get install samba
That's all there is to it. Samba is ready to be configured for file sharing.
The main Samba configuration file is located in /etc/samba/smb.conf
. The default configuration file has a significant number of comments in order to document various configuration directives.
Note
Not all of the available options are included in the default configuration file. See the smb.conf
man page or the Samba HOWTO and Reference Guide for more details.
Edit the following key/value pairs in the [global] section of
/etc/samba/smb.conf
:workgroup = EXAMPLE ... security = user
security-parametern är längre ner i [global]-avdelningen, och är bortkommenterad som standard. Ändra EXEMPEL till att stämma överens med din miljö.
Skapa en ny avdelning längst ner i filen, eller avkommentera ett av exemplen för den katalog du vill dela:
[share] comment = Ubuntu File Server Share path = /srv/samba/share browsable = yes guest ok = yes read only = no create mask = 0755
comment: är en kortfattad beskrivning av det du delar. Justera vid behov.
path: Sökvägen till den delade katalogen.
This example uses
/srv/samba/sharename
because, according to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is where site-specific data should be served. Technically, Samba shares can be placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but adhering to standards is recommended.browsable: enables Windows™ clients to browse the shared directory using Windows™ Explorer.
guest ok: tillåter klienter att ansluta till delningen utan att ange något lösenord.
read only: determines if the share is read only or if write privileges are granted. Write privileges are allowed only when the value is no, as is seen in this example. If the value is yes, then access to the share is read-only.
create mask: fastställer rättigheterna som nya filer får när de skapas.
Now that Samba is configured, the directory needs to be created and the permissions changed. From a terminal, enter:
sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/
Note
The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment.
Finally, restart the Samba services to enable the new configuration:
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Warning
Konfigurationen ovan ger full åtkomst till alla klienter på det lokala nätverket. För en mer säkerhetsinriktad konfigurering, se the section called “Säkra en Samba fil- och skrivarserver”.
From a Windows™ client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu™ file server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try creating a directory from Windows™.
To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf
, and restart Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually exists and that the permissions are correct.
For in depth Samba configurations see the Samba HOWTO and Reference Guide
The guide is also available in printed format.
O'Reilly's Using Samba, 3rd Edition is another good reference.